• br Author contributions br Conflicts of interest The authors

  2024-09-28

  

  Author contributions Conflicts of interest The authors declare no competing financial interests. Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Sonderforschungsbereich/Transregio 166–Project C1 and grant CA 1014/1-1 to D.C.) and the IZKF Würzbur

• br The role of apelin in respiratory diseases At present

  2024-09-28

  

  The role of apelin in respiratory diseases At present, several scientific studies have suggested that the apelin/APJ system may play an important role in the development of pulmonary diseases (Table 4). For example, in an experiment on rats suffering from acute lung injury, apelin-13 decreases th

• Reactive oxygen species is an

  2024-09-28

  

  Reactive oxygen species is an aspect of oxidative stress which are associated with many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, inflammation, atherosclerosis and cancers (Collins, 2005; Halliwell, 1994). Thus, the need for naturally occurring antioxidants is of crucial importance. Some biop

• Serum concentrations of APP and antioxidants of the queens w

  2024-09-28

  

  Serum concentrations of APP and antioxidants of the 10 queens with pyometra before surgery (T0), at day two (T1) and at day 10 (T2) after ovariohysterectomy are presented in Fig. 1. Concentrations of SAA and Hp were significantly lower (P  Discussion Acute phase protein responses were already desc

• br Emerging Vascular Mechanisms of AA Therapy Resistance Exp

  2024-09-28

  

  Emerging Vascular Mechanisms of AA Therapy Resistance Experimental and clinical evidence indicates that physiological angiogenesis generates blood vessels capable of restoring perfusion [1], whereas tumoral angiogenesis gives rise to vessels that are structurally and functionally abnormal, therei

• The proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines

  2024-09-28

  

  The proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1, mediate acute and chronic inflammation and play a role in the development of hypertension [2, [51], [52], [53]], cardiovascular diseases [4, 54] and renal injury [55, 56] in animal models and humans. Concerning the possi

• Propidium iodide AMP activated protein kinase AMPK

  2024-09-28

  

  AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key cellular energy sensor that maintains energy homeostasis at the cellular and whole-organism level (Hardie et al., 2012). Functionally, the AMPK pathway sustains adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production through activation of fatty Propidium iodide oxidatio

• Previous studies suggest that TGF contributes to

  2024-09-27

  

  Previous studies suggest that TGF-β contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic renal injury [47]. TGF-β stimulates matrix production and prevents matrix degradation, which leads to increase collagen deposition and glomerulosclerosis [48]. In the current study ABT702 significantly reduced renal coll

• br Results br Discussion The actin cytoskeleton is

  2024-09-27

  

  Results Discussion The pge2 cytoskeleton is a highly attractive target for many bacterial toxins, owing to its role in activation and locomotion of immune cells, secretion of humoral response factors, and maintenance of protective barriers at the cellular (sub-membrane cytoskeleton) and organ

• thymidylate synthase inhibitor br Thymic expression of AChR

  2024-09-27

  

  Thymic expression of AChR Both linear unfolded epitopes of AChR subunits and the intact AChR are avidly expressed in thymus, particularly by thymic epithelial cells and myoid cells [17], [18], [19]. AChR-antibody positive MG patients often show thymic hyperplasia, characterized by lymphoid follic

• To date the modes of actions of pharmaceuticals in

  2024-09-27

  

  To date, the modes of actions of pharmaceuticals in humans and mammals are well-known (Fent et al., 2006), whereas knowledge of aquatic organisms, particularly invertebrates, is limited. This is problematic as these contaminants/pollutants have potentially harmful effects on wildlife organisms that

• In the U S surveillance of ACEs has garnered traction

  2024-09-27

  

  In the U.S., surveillance of ACEs has garnered traction at the state level through administration of the ACE Optional Module in CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, 2003). Since 2009, select states have implemented the ACEs optional modu

• The molecular mechanisms involved in

  2024-09-27

  

  The molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of cholestatic pruritus remain unknown [45], [46]. Indeed, there has been an enormous effort at understanding the etiology of PBC-related pruritus, including work at the cellular and molecular level, but such efforts have not been translated into

• br Acknowledgements Authors wish to thank Sabanci University

  2024-09-27

  

  Acknowledgements Authors wish to thank Sabanci University (Turkey), Tubitak (Cost Eu-Ros, 113Z463), and the University of Turin (Italy) for supporting this work. Beyza Vurusaner is supported by Sabanci University Post-doctoral research scholarship. Introduction Endometriosis is defined as the

• Another important question concerns the mechanism by which a

  2024-09-27

  

  Another important question concerns the mechanism by which a polyubiquitinated substrate is released from the Cdc48 complex and passed on to downstream components, such as the proteasome. There are at least three proposed models. In the first, a ubiquitinated substrate is transferred by ubiquitin-bi

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